Understanding GSM and Thread Count in Fabrics
When selecting fabric for clothing, bedding, or upholstery, two crucial factors to consider are GSM (Grams per Square Meter) and thread count. These measurements help determine the fabric’s weight, durability, and comfort level.
What is GSM?
GSM stands for Grams per Square Meter, a measurement that indicates the weight of the fabric per square meter. It helps in understanding how thick or heavy a fabric is.
How to Measure GSM?
To measure GSM, follow these simple steps:
- Cut a fabric piece of 1m × 1m in size.
- Weigh the fabric in grams.
- The weight in grams equals the GSM value of the fabric.
Examples of GSM in Fabrics
- If a fabric weighs 150 grams, its GSM is 150.
- Common market fabrics have GSM values such as 180, 185, and 195 GSM.
GSM and Fabric Quality
A higher GSM means the fabric is thicker and heavier. However, GSM alone does not determine the overall quality of the fabric. Factors such as fiber type, weave, and finishing process also contribute to fabric quality.
What is Thread Count?
Thread count refers to the number of threads in a 1-inch × 1-inch area of fabric, counting both horizontal (weft) and vertical (warp) threads.
How to Measure Thread Count?
To calculate thread count:
- Count the number of horizontal (weft) threads in a 1-inch square of fabric.
- Count the number of vertical (warp) threads in the same area.
- Add both values together to get the total thread count.
Example of Thread Count
If a fabric has 3 horizontal and 3 vertical threads in a 1-inch area, its total thread count is 6.
Standard Thread Count in T-Shirts
For T-shirt fabrics, a common thread count ranges from 24 to 30 threads per inch, ensuring a balance of softness and durability.
Importance of GSM and Thread Count
Both GSM and thread count impact the fabric’s feel, breathability, and durability. However, additional factors such as material composition, fiber quality, and weave structure also influence the fabric’s overall performance.
